Geometry

Geometry is a branch of mathematics that deals with the study of shapes, sizes, properties, and the relationships between them. It’s a fundamental area of mathematics that has practical applications in various fields. Such as engineering, architecture, physics, computer graphics, and more.

Points, lines, and planes: These are the basic building blocks of geometry. A point is a location in space and a line is a straight path that extends infinitely in both directions. And a plane is a flat surface that extends infinitely in all directions.

Angles: An angle is formed by two rays with a common endpoint, called the vertex. Angles are measured in degrees or radians, and they can be classified based on their size such as acute, obtuse, right and straight. Or their relationship to other angles such as adjacent, complementary and supplementary.

Polygons: A polygon is a closed shape made up of straight line segments. Common polygons include triangles, quadrilaterals, pentagons, hexagons and so on. Polygons are classified based on the number of sides and angles they have.

Circles: A circle is a set of points in a plane that are equidistant from a fixed point called the center. Important properties of circles include radius, diameter, circumference, and area. Circles are also central to concepts like arcs, sectors, and chords.

Everywhere around us

Three-Dimensional geometry: In addition to flat shapes and figures, geometry also deals with three-dimensional objects such as spheres, cubes, cylinders, cones, and pyramids. Three-dimensional geometry involves concepts such as volume, surface area, and spatial relationships between objects.

Transformations: Transformations are operations that change the position, size, or orientation of a geometric object. Common transformations include translations (moving an object without rotating or changing its shape). Rotations (turning an object around a fixed point). Reflections (flipping an object over a line). And dilations such as resizing an object.

Coordinate geometry: It combines concepts from geometry and algebra to study geometric figures using coordinates and equations. It involves plotting points on a coordinate plane, calculating distances and slopes, and solving geometric problems using algebraic techniques.